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Zellner1990 Zellner1991 Zellner1993 Zellner1994 Zellner1994 Zellner2000 Zellner2000^ Zeltner1994 Zembrzuska19755 Zepu19818U Zevenhuizen1992 Zeyer2003 Zhang2002 Zhang2002 Zhang2003 Zhangzhen1981  Zhenghu2003 Zhibao20030 Zhong1991  Zhong1991 Zhong1992  Zhong1992 Zhou2003 Zhu2003 Zhung1981 Ziegler1979 Ziegler1986 Ziegler1986 Ziegler1986 Ziegler1988s  Ziegler1988  Ziegler1998  Zielke2002b Zimdahl1973  Zimmerman1979  Zimmerman1980  Zimmerman1993!  Zimmermann1989 Znachor2003f Zoberi1961d Zoberi1964"  Zombr19961e Zonneveld1975r Zorn20020 Zotz20000 Zotz20000#  Zsuzsanna1977$  Zuckerman1970%  Zukal1896& Zulpa de Caire1997'  Zweig1963(  Zweig1968 Zweig1971)  Zweig1972 Zweig1974\ Zykina19699 imek2003  trojsov2003  trojsov2003* lehlov19923na1969999  |  (- !5"$'()*+w,-/:1 <23456:;=>@A{,B!EFG"HKILNuOQ6RSTV~WYZ7[\]^}`za9bce8fghjl/mopq  $rtM tareailrAwtroknUsudePtanetlEcertnociS uocr epOneE px rlCso exErpP erif xaMkrre Authors.Journals Keywords7           |         { z y x w v& u t sPF r q p0 o< n m" lR k.(St. Clair, Larry L. Johansen, Jeffrey R. 1985d^Rapid reestablishment of cryptogamic soil crusts after fire through use of a soil crust slurryJournal of Phycology21Abstract 37: 10r81biological soil crust, inoculation, cyanobacteriar>7St. Clair, Larry L. Johansen, Jeffrey R. Webb, Bruce L.o 1986b[Rapid stabilization of fire-disturbed sites using a soil crust slurry: inoculation studiesx,%Reclamation and Revegetation Research4261-269,d]Algae, disturbed lands, erosion control, fire, vegetation establishment, cyanobacteria, crust$St. Clair, L.L. Warrick, R.B. 1987OAscarospora nodulosa (Duf.) Hue. var. nodulosa: A new record for North Americal  & . The Bryologist9018 48-49cyanobacteria, crust2,St. Clair, L.L. Newberry, C.C. Nebeker, G.T. 1991$Catalog of the lichens of Utah MycotaxonXL199-264 $St. Clair, L.L. Newberry, C.C. 1991Preliminary lichen biomonitoring program and air quality baseline in Selected Class I Wilderness areas of Colorado, Coconino, Kiabab, Prescott, and Tonto National Forests Arizona :3Chiricahua Wilderness Area, National Forest Service 56 Final ReportD>St. Clair, L.arry L. Johansen, Jeffrey R. Rushforth, Samuel R. 1993^XLichens of soil crust communities in the intermountain area of the western United StatesGreat Basin Naturalist531 5-12LFlichens, cryptogamic crusts, microbiotic crusts, biological soil crust.(St. Clair, Larry L. Johansen, Jeffrey R. 1993>7Introduction to the symposium on soil crust communitiesaGreat Basin Naturalist531, 1-4ucyanobacteria, crustSt. John, J.B. 1971zIComparative effects of diuron and chlorpropham on ATP levels in Chlorella @  Weed Science19274-276iD>Staal, Marc te Lintel-Hekkert, Sacco Harren, Frans Stal, Lucas 2001Nitrogenase activity in cyanobacteria measured by the acetylene reduction assay: a comparison between batch incubation and on-line monitoring Environmental Microbiology35343-351$dessication BSC Cyanobacteria 0)Stal, L.J. Grossberger, S. Krumbein, W.E. 1984haNitrogen fixation associated with the cyanobacterialmat of a marine laminated microbial ecosystemMarine Biology82217-224pcyanobacteria, crust*$Stal, Lucas J. Krumbein, Wolfgang E. 1985vOxygen protection of nitrogenase in the aerobically nitrogen fixing, non-heterocystous cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. f r Archives of Microbiology 143 72-76Rcyanobacteria, crust, Oscillatoria, nitrogen fixation, oxygen protection of N2-ase  " M @N  Stal, L.J. 1995TNPhysiological ecology of cyanobacteria in microbial mats and other communitiesNew Phytologist  131  1-32 Stam, W.T. Holleman, H.C.  1975The influence of different salinities on growth and morphological variability of a number of Phormidium strains (Cyanophyceae) in culture6 ] g Acta Bot. Neerl.24379-390iStam, W.T. Venema, G.r 1977zsThe use of DNA-DNA hybridization for determination of the relationship between some blue-green algae (Cyanophyceae)hActa Bot. Neerl.26327-342 Stam, W.T. 1980~wRelationships between a number of filamentous blue-green algal strains (Cyanophyceae) revealed by DNA-DNA hybridization6/Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 56, Algological Studiese25351-3747<6Stanier, R.Y. Kunisawa, R. Mandel, M. Cohen-Bazire, G. 1971XQPurification and properties of unicellular blue-green algae (order Chroococcales)Bacteriol. Rev.35171-205w Stanier, R.Y. 1973B;Autotrophy and heterotrophy in unicellular blue-green algae Can, N.G. Whitton, B.A.&The Biology of Blue-green Algaea Oxford &Blackwell Scientific PublisherscBot. Mono. No. 9 Stanier, R.Y. 1974D>The relationships between nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis0*Australian Journal of Exp. Biol. Med. Sci.52 3-20 A ^ H@?>{N=  <;:9 Reynaud, P.A. Roger, P.A. 1978r.N2-fixing algal biomass in Senegal rice fields  @ Ecological Bulletin26148-157pcyanobacteria, crust Reynaud, P.A. 1987pjEcology of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in dry tropical habitats of West Africa: a multivariate analysisPlant and Soil98203-2202"Reynaud, P.A. Metting, F.B.  1988f`Colonization potential of cyanobacteria on temperate irrigated soils in Washington State, U.S.A..'Biological Agriculture and Horticulture5197-208u"Reynaud, P.A. Lumpkin, T.A.. 1988:3Microalgae of the Lanzhou (China) cryptogamic crust,%Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitationf2r145-155PJReynolds, Richard Belnap, Jayne Reheis, Marith Lamothe, Paul Luiszer, Fred 2001ZSAeolian dust in Colorado Plateau soils: nutrient inputs and recent change in source6/Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciencesf9813 7123-7127pRhodes, R. Herndon, W.R. 1967|KRelationship of temperature to zoospore production in Tetraspora gelatinosa 6 Journal of Phycology3n 1-5r"Rhodes, L.H. Gerdemann, J.W. 1980@:Nutrient translocation in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae <5Cook, Clayton B. Pappas, Peter W. Rudolph, Emanuel D.81Cellular Interactions in Symbiosis and Parasitisme  Columbus, OH "Ohio State University Press 173-1955fungi, desiccation, BSC pulled Rice, T.R. 1954HABiotic influences affecting population growth of planktonic algaeFish Bulletin, US No. 8754227-245 Rice, E.L. 1964JDInhibition of nitrogen-fixing and nitrifying bacteria by seed plantsEcology45824-837,&Richardson, David H.S. Young, Colin M. 1977Lichens and vertebratest Seaward, M.R.D.Lichen Ecology &London, New York, San Francisco Academic Press121-144biological soil crustt,%Richardson, David H.S. Nieboer, Evert 1980<5Surface binding and accumulation of metals in lichenso <5Cook, Clayton B. Pappas, Peter W. Rudolph, Emanuel D.81Cellular Interactions in Symbiosis and Parasitism9  Columbus, OH "Ohio State University Press 75-94 lichens, desiccation, bscRichardson, David H.S. 199381The physiology of drying and rewetting in lichens. Jennings, D.H. Stress Tolerance of Fungie New York Marcel Dekker, Inc.b275-296lichen, bsc, desiccationRichardson, D.H.S. 1999nhWar in the world of lichens: parasitism and symbiosis as exemplified by lichens and lichenicolous fungiMycological Research 1036641-650Richter, A. Orlowa, K. 1928NGQuantitative Feststellung der Algen Vegetation in den Boden bei Saratow J. Landw.5 315"Rickard, W.H. Vaughan, B.E.s 19884-Plant community characteristics and responses >7Rickard, W.H. Rogers, L.E. Vaughn, B.E. Liebetrau, S.F.LEShrub-steppe: Balance and Change in a Semi-arid Terrestrial Ecosystemd  Amsterdam Elsevier109-179ivFexotic plants, shrub-steppe, grazing, invasive plants, Bromus, Salsola7tnentire book photocopied and filed under "Rickard, W.H." in BFC; cited in "Nitrogen Dynamics in Arid Rangeland"HGF D 8CBA<@. ?>=0<;:98"Anagnostidis, K. Komrek, J. 1990XRModern approach to the classification system of the Cyanophytes 5: StigonematalesAlgological Studies59 1-73cyanobacteria, crust(!Anand, N. Rajaram, Murugesan V.S. 1996*$Nitrogen fixation at night in natureCurrent Sciencet702t119-120 Cyanobacteria,&Anantani, Yashesh S. Marathe, Kusum V. 1974JCObservations on algae of some arid and semi-arid soils of Rajasthanr*#Journal of the University of Bombay4168 88-93cyanobacteria, crust,&Anantani, Yashesh S. Marathe, Kusum V. 1974ZTSoil aggregating effects of some algae occurring in the soils of Kutch and Rajasthan*#Journal of the University of Bombayd4168 94-100"Anderson, R.A. Carmer, M.B. 19740)Additions to the lichen flora of ColoradoThe Bryologist77216-223.'Anderson, David C. Rushforth, Samuel R. 1976HAThe cryptogam flora of desert soil crusts in southern Utah, U.S.A Nova Hedwigia28691-7292,cyanobacteria, biological soil crust, lichenAnderson, J.R Drew, E.A. 1976Effects of pure paraquat dichloride, "Gramoxone W" and formulation additives on soil microbiological activities. I. Estimation of soil biomass in laboratory treated soil"Zentralbl. Bakteriol., 2 abt 131125-135cyanobacteria, crustAnderson, J.R. 1978:3Pesticide effects on non-target soil microorganisms Hill, I.R. Wright, S.J.L.Pesticide Microbiology London Academic Presscyanobacteria, crustAnderson, D.C. 1978Cryptogamic soil crusts: factors influencing their development in Utah deserts and their recovery from grazing on Utah winter ranges  Provo, UTu Brigham Young UniversityPh.D. Dissertation"Anderson, T.R. Patrick, Z.A. 1978qMycophagous amoeboid organisms from soil that perforate spores of Thielaviopsis basicola and Cochliobolus sativusaBX]Phytopathology68 1618-162682mycophagous Vampyrellidae, fungi, desiccation, bscB;ref from Cooke & Whipps, Ecophysiology of Fungi; ref pulledAnderson, L.E. 19802+Cytology and reproductive biology of mossesr Taylor, R.J. Leviton, A.E."The Mosses of North America  San Franciscoi LEAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science, Pacific Divisionb 37-761put in Crust Biblio>8Anderson, David C. Harper, Kimball T. Holmgren, Ralph C. 1982PJFactors influencing development of cryptogamic soil crusts in Utah deserts"Journal of Range Management3528180-185tTNUtah desert, cryptogamic soil crust, grazing, rangelands, cyanobacteria, crust6/Anderson, David C. Harper, K.T. Rushforth, S.R.s 1982LFRecovery of cryptogamic soil crusts from grazing on Utah winter ranges"Journal of Range Managemento353355-359-nhcryptogamic soil crusts, Utah winter ranges, lichen, moss, algal, domestic grazing, cyanobacteria, crust>8Anderson, R.V. Ingham, R.E. Trofymow, J.A. Coleman, D.C. 1984XQSoil mesofaunal distribution in relation to habitat types in a shortgrass prairie- Pedobiologia26257-261c Anderson, W. 1986HBQuail Creek lifespan threatened: by soil destruction, prof. warnsThe Daily Spectrum Washington County Editiono col. June 15, 19868*$Anderson, L.E. Crum, H.A. Buck, W.R. 1990:3List of the mosses of North America north of MexicoC Bryologist93448-499put in Crust biblioAnderson, Julian L. 1994<6Exclosures on the Beaver Dam Slope in Arizona and Utah Rangelands165184-188cyanobacteria, crustAndo, H. 1980<6Evolution of bryophytes in relation to their sexualityProc. Bryol. Soc. Japan2y9129-130.(put in Crust Biblio; text is in JapaneseAndrew, M.H. Lange, R.T. 1986pjDevelopment of a new piosphere in arid chenopod shrubland grazed by sheep. II. Changes in the vegetation$Australian Journal of EcologyJ11411-424e Andrew, M.H. 1988>8Grazing impacts in relation to livestock watering points*$Trends in Research Ecology Evolution3336-339Androsova, Y.Y.e 1964^XConcerning the composition of algae of the soil of one city Novosibirsk and its environs("Algae and Fungi of Western Siberia  Novosibirsk AN SSSRtcyanobacteria, crust Anikster, Y. 1988ZTWater potential as a regulating factor in teliospore germination of three rust fungi Mycologiad804l568-570,fungi, desiccation, BSC,B;ref from Cooke & Whipps, Ecophysiology of Fungi; ref pulled ErHTx TNBazilevich, N.I. Gollerbach, M.M. Litvinov, M.A. Rodin, L.E. Shteeynberg, D.M. 1958`ZOn the role of biological factors in formation of takyrs on the route of the Turkmen CanalBotanical Journala38 3-30"Bazova, G.A. Kuz'mina, V.A.o 1981Some features of the dynamics of algal synusia of mountain deserts of the western Pamirs USSR, according to the results of hourly observations4-Izv. Akad. Nauk. Tadzh. SSR. Otd. Biol. Nauk.4 23-27<5Bazzichelli, Giorgio Abdelahad, Nadia Ventola, Francoe 1985Structural modifications in the extracellular investment of Nostoc commune vauch. during the life cycle. I. Motile and nonmotile hormogonium, biseriate stage < J ("Journal of Ultrastructure Research91174-181,%Cyanobacteria, lichen, ultrastructureu<5Bazzichelli, Giorgio Abdelahad, Nadia Ventola, Franco 1986Structural modifications in the extracellular investment of Nostoc commune vauch. during the life cycle. II. Microcolonies and "Balls" of filamentss < J @:Journal of Ultrastructure and Molecular Structure Research94114-120,%Cyanobacteria, lichen, ultrastructure0)Bazzichelli, G. Abdelahad, N. Ventola, F.  1989{Structural modifications in the extracellular investment of Nostoc commune Vauch. during the life cycle. III. Macrocolonies<KArch. Hydrobiol.82365-370eCyanophyta Nostoc macrocolonies extracellular investment ultrastructure dessication BSC Cyanobacteria1HBref from Potts, "Desiccation Tolerance of Prokaryotes"; ref pulled Beadle, N.C.W. Tchan, Y.T. 1955leNitrogen economy in semi-arid plant communities. Part I. The environment and general considerations<5Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales80 62-70cyanobacteria, crust Beaney, W.D. Hoffman, L.R. 1968NTwo new species of Oedocladium  Journal of Phycology4u221-229fcyanobacteria, crustBear, G.D. Hansen, R.M.k 1966\VFood habits, growth, and reproduction of white-tailed jackrabbits in southern ColoradoRKColorado State University Agriculture Experiment Station Technical Bulletini9059LEBebout, Brad M. Paerl, Hans W. Crocker, Kenneth M. Prufert, Leslie E.n 1987vDiel interactions of oxygenic photosynthesis and N2 fixation (acetylene reduction) in a marine microbial mat community 2 @3 ,&Applied and Environmental Microbiology5310 2353-2362cyanobacteria, crust<6Bebout, Brad M. Fitzpatrick, Matthew W. Paerl, Hans W. 1993Identification of the sources of energy for nitrogen fixation and physiological characterization of nitrogen-fixing members of a marine microbial mat community,&Applied and Environmental Microbiology595 1495-1503cyanobacteria, crust,%Bebout, Brad M. Garcia-Pichel, FerranM 1995JDUV B-induced vertical migrations of cyanobacteria in a microbial mat,&Applied and Environmental Microbiology61 4215-42224Beck, T. 1969Model trials on the behavior of monolinuron. 3. Influence on the biological activity of soil in comparison with other soil herbicides2p+Mitt. Biol. Bundesanst. Land-Forstw. Berlin $ %  132 71-72 cyanobacteria, crust Becker, E.W. 1982YPhysiological studies on Antarctic Prasiola crispa and Nostoc commune at low temperatures#27E Polar Biology1 99-104$dessication BSC Cyanobacteria0tmref from Raymond & Fritsen, 2000, "Ice-active substances associated with Antarctic freshwater..."; ref pulled*$Beckett, R.P. Csintalan, Z. Tuba, Z. 2000ABA treatment increases both the desiccation tolerance of photosynthesis, and nonphotochemical quenching in the moss Atrichum undulatumu Plant Ecology 151 65-71@:abscisic acid, chlorophyll fluorescence, desiccation, mossput in Crust biblio Becking, J.H. 1978T$Beijerinckia in irrigated rice soils   Ecological Bulletin26116-129cyanobacteria, crust   ^ Nr JDBarger, Nichole N. Herrick, Jeffrey E. Van Zee, Justin Belnap, Jayne 2006f_Impacts of biological soil crust disturbance and composition on C and N loss from water erosionsBiogeochemistryu772u247-263 FebvPJISSN: 0168-2563 (Paper) 1573-515X (Online) DOI: 10.1007/s10533-005-1424-7Biological soil crust Carbon Canyonlands National Park Colorado Plateau Disturbance Erosion Nitrogen Rainfall simulation RunoffIn this study, we conducted rainfall simulation experiments in a cool desert ecosystem to examine the role of biological soil crust disturbance and composition on dissolved and sediment C and N losses. We compared runoff and sediment C and N losses from intact late-successional dark cyanolichen crusts (intact) to both trampled dark crusts (trampled) and dark crusts where the top 1 cm of the soil surface was removed (scraped). In a second experiment, we compared C and N losses in runoff and sediments in early-successional light cyanobacterial crusts (light) to that of intact late-successional dark cyanolichen crusts (dark). A relatively high rainfall intensity of approximately 38 mm per 10-min period was used to ensure that at least some runoff was generated from all plots. Losses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and ammonium (NH4+ ) were significantly higher from trampled plots as compared to scraped and intact plots. Sediment C and N losses, which made up more than 98% of total nutrient losses in all treatments, were more than 4-fold higher from trampled plots relative to intact plots (sediment C g/m2, intact = 0.74, trampled = 3.47; sediment N g/m2, intact = 0.06, trampled = 0.28). In light crusts, DOC loss was higher relative to dark crusts, but no differences were observed in dissolved N. Higher sediment loss in light crusts relative to dark crusts resulted in 5-fold higher loss of sediment-bound C and N. Total C flux (sediment + dissolved) was on the order of 0.9 and 7.9 g/m2 for dark and light crusts, respectively. Sediment N concentration in the first minutes after runoff from light crusts was 3-fold higher than the percent N of the top 1 cm of soil, suggesting that even short-term runoff events may have a high potential for N loss due to the movement of sediments highly enriched in N. Total N loss from dark crusts was an order of magnitude lower than light crusts (dark = 0.06 g N/m2, light = 0.63 g/m2). Overall, our results from the small plot scale (0.5 m2) suggest that C and N losses are much lower from intact late-successional cyanolichen crusts as compared to recently disturbed or early-successional light cyanobacterial crusts.,&PDF on J drive in Jayne's publications':4Nichole N. Barger Email: nichole.barger@colorado.edu`ZBarker, David H. Stark, Lloyd R. Zimpfer, Jeff F. McLetchie, Nicholas D. Smith, Stanley D. 2005RLEvidence of drought-induced stress on biotic crust moss in the Mojave Desert"Plant, Cell and Environment287939-947 |Syntrichia bryophyte chlorophyll flourescence chlorosis drought stress regeneration BSC climate change altered precipitationWidespread bleaching (chlorosis) of patches of the dominant desert moss Syntrichia caninervis was observed across the northern Mojave Desert in the winter of 200203 following an extended period of drought interrupted by small rain events. These rain events were more frequent during the warmer months just prior to the appearance of chlorosis. We hypothesized that the patches were experiencing physiological stress due to partial hydration/rapid dehydration cycling during the warmer months. Compared to unbleached (green) shoots, chlorotic shoots exhibited significantly reduced photochemical performance, photosynthetic pigments, regenerational potential, sex expression, and lower rates of growth and productivity. However, age-specific analyses revealed older leaves from chlorotic shoots did not show the typical decline in vigour, suggesting that stress may primarily affect younger tissues. It is concluded that this chlorosis phenomenon is indicative of physiological stress presently occurring in the Mojave Desert, and is likely due to exposure to a higher than normal frequency of light rain events (< 3.5 mm), which serve to partially hydrate moss patches that then rapidly desiccate.r~xIn press as of May 26, 2005 Uncorrected proof as PDF on K drive Get final published version - now available 07-05-05 tk Barkman, J.J. 1953<5De Kalkgraslanden van Zuid-Limburg: B. De Cryptogamenn.'Publ. v. h. Natuurhist. Gen. in Limburg0Sc 21-30aF?Barnes, J.D. Balaguer, L. Manrique, E. Elvira, S. Davison, A.W.r 1992zA reappraisal of the use of DMSO for the extraction and determination of chlorophylls a and b in lichens and higher plantsVW\],%Environmental and Experimental Botany322 85-100 BSC*$Barreno, E. Naranjo, J. Santos, Y.A. 19846/Toninia toepfferi (B. Steiner) Navas (Lichenes):4Morfologia, Anatomia Y Ecologia. Anales de Biologia1e197-202hPIBashkin, M. Stohlgren, T.J. Otsuki, Y. Lee, M. Evangelista, P. Belnap, J. 2003|uSoil characteristics and plant exotic species invasions in the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah, USA0Applied Soil Ecology22 67-771XRnative plant diversity, cryptobiotic crusts, modified-Whittaker plots, BSC, bromus0*Batterton, J.C. Bousch, G.M. Matsumura, F. 1971\UGrowth response of blue-green algae to aldrin, dieldrin, endrin and their metabolites<5Bulletin of Environmental Contaminants and ToxicologyA6a589-594ccyanobacteria,crust0*Batterton, J.C. Bousch, G.M. Matsumura, F. 1972WDDT: Inhibition of sodium chloride tolerance by the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulansS E Sciencer 176n 1141-1143rcyanobacteria,crust Bauer, L. 1963@9On the stabilization of the male sexual tendency in Musci}J. Linn. Soc. Bot.58337-342put in Crust Biblio Bauman, J.D. 1986D=Top threat to BLM wilderness: that they'll be too much lovede Deseret News A7: col 1 Friday, February 28, 1986& Bautista, Mark F. Paerl, Hans W. 1985EDiel N2 fixation in an intertidal marine cyanobacterial mat community  @ Marine Chemistry16369-377cyanobacteria, crust(!Bazilevich, N.I. Shelyakina, O.A.A 19562,The movement of mineral substances in takyrs<6Takyry Zapadnoi Puti Sel'skokhozyaistvennogo Osvoeniya483-4888ld T 0)Carlton, Richard G. Richardson, Laurie L. 1995piOxygen and sulfide dynamics in a horizontally migrating cyanobacterial mat: black band disease of corals$FEMS Microbiology and Ecologyi18155-162*$biofilm, microelectyrode, Phormidium Carr, N.G. Whitton, B.A. 1973&The biology of blue-green algae Botan. Mono. Oxford &Blackwell Scientific Publishing No. 9"Carrara, P.E. Carroll, T.R. 1979`ZThe determination of erosion rates from exposed tree roots in the Piceance Basin, ColoradoEarth Surface Processes4307-317,%Carrasco, Claudio D. Golden, James W.  1995jTwo heterocyst-specific DNA rearrangements of nif operons in Anabaena cylindrica and Nostoc sp. strain Mac . 1 = P U [  Microbiology 141a 2479-2487,ecyanobacteria, crust, nigrogen fixation (nif) genes, DNA rearrangement, heterocyst, recombinase genes ) , .(Carson, Johnny L. Brown, Jr., R. Malcolm 1976|uThe correlation of soil algae, airborne algae, and fern spores with meteorological conditions on the island of HawaiiPacific Science30197-205 .(Carson, Johnny L. Brown, Jr., R. Malcolm 1978ztStudies of Hawaiian freshwater and soil algae. II. Algal colonization and succession on a dated volcanic substrateJournal of Phycology142t171-178yBacillariophyceae, biogeochemical cycles, chlorophyceae, colonization, cyanophyceae, edaphic algae, Hawaii, microbial ecology, soil algae, succession, volcanic substrate, cyanobacteria, crusto Carton, J.H. 1976VPThe toxicity of benomyl, thiophanate-methyl and BCM to four freshwater organisms<5Bulletin of Environmental Contaminants and Toxicologyi16214-218(!Castello, Miris Nimis, Pier Luigi 1997("Diversity of lichens in Antarctica 0)Battaglia, B. Valencia, J. Walton, D.W.H.<6Antarctic Communities: Species, Structure and Survival  Cambridge Cambridge University Press 15-21WPJAntarctica, biodiversity, flora, lichens, phytogeography, bsc, desiccationCastenholz, R.W. 19704.Laboratory culture of thermophilic cyanophytes0*Schweizerischee Zeitschrift fur hydrologie32538-551Castenholz, R.W. 1982Motility and taxes Carr, N.G. Whitton, B.a.& The Biology of the Cyanobacteria Berkeley $University of California Press413-4393Castenholz, Richard W. 1988*#Culturing methods for cyanobacteriasMethods in Enzymology1 167r 68-100cyanobacteria, crust,sCastenholz, R.W. 1989D=Order Oscillatoriales, order Nostocales, order Stigonematales 81Stanley, J.T. Bryant, M.P. Pfennig, N. Holt, J.H.2+Bergey's Manual of Systematica Bacteriology Baltimore, Marylandl Williams and Wilkins6/3 Section 19: Oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria1 1771-1799ncyanobacteria, crust& Castenholz, R.W. Waterbury, J.B. 1989@:Oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria. Group I. Cyanobacteria 60Staley, J.T. Bryant, M.P. Pfennig, N. Holt, J.H.0*Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Baltimore, Marylandd Williams and Wilkins6/3 Section 19: Oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria 1710-1728icyanobacteria, crustCastenholz, R.W. 1992TMSpecies usage, concept, and evolution in the cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)Journal of Phycology28737-745cyanobacteria, crustCastenholz, R.W. 1997<5Multiple strategies for UV tolerance in cyanobacteria The Spectrum102t 10-1681Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OHO"Catcheside, D.G. Stone, I.G. 19886/The mosses of the Northern Territory, Australia.'Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens11 1-17cyanobacteria, crustCave, M. Pocock, M. 1951D=The acetocarmine technique applied to the colonial VolvocalesStain Technol.26173-174m Variations in desiccation tolerance  %  Candian Journal of Botany59 2707-2712put in Crust biblioF@Schrader, Michael Drews, Gerhart Weckesser, Jurgen Mayer, Hubert 1982JPolysaccharide containing 6-O-methyl-D-mannose in Chlorogloeopsis PCC 6912 2 A &Journal of General Microbiologyh 128n273-277a*$Schreiber, K.F. Yair, A. Shachak, M. 1995PIEcological gradients along slopes of the northern Negev Highlands, IsraelAdvances in GeoEcology28209-229cyanobacteria, crust4.Schroeder, N.E. Schroeder, J.G. Anderegg, D.E. 1975&Catalog of the lichens of IdahokThe Bryologist78 32-43e:4Schroeter, B. Kappen, L. Green, T.G.A. Seppelt, R.D. 1997lfLichens and the Antarctic environment: effects of temperature and water availability on photosynthesis 0)Lyons, W.B. Howard-Williams, C. Hawes, I..:4Ecosystem Processes in Antarctic Ice-free Landscapes  Rotterdam Balkema103-117edesiccation, bscSchulten, Julia A. 198560Soil aggregation by cryptogams of a sand prairie American Journal of Botany7211 1657-1661cyanobacteria, crustSchulten, Julia A. 1985LEThe effects of burning on the soil lichen community of a sand prairieThe Bryologist882110-114cyanobacteria, crusthhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjlllllllllllllllllll///////////mmmmmmoopppppppppppppppppppqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq          $rrrrtttttttttaWluzT5 //TTc5!Af|Tq!6SL6",($,z^62{{EE; l!!/O{{[j9  Gg!I |/-">"Vb!*2gq W6**] |2|||||||||||-!*5!mmm56pE((((((---------- !!!!!!!!!!!!!555555"""""""""""6666666666666666:::::::::::::::::::;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;======================>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>@@@@@@@@@AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA{{,,,,,,,,,BBBBBBBBBB!!!!!!!EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG""""""HHHHHHHHHHHHKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILLLLLLLLLLLLHNNNNNuOOOOOQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ66666666666RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV~~~~~~~~~WWWWWWWWWWWWYYYYYYYYYYZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ7777777777[[[[[[[[[[\\\\\\\\\\\\\\]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^} FAxelsson20022 Ayyad1985 Azcn1987o Azevedo1994p Azevedo1994z Aziz19888 Aziz19889 B.19899q Baatz1939 + Babaev20040 Bachofen2003r Bacon1968 ? Badacsonyi19976  Badacsonyi2000 Badger19808b Badger1992? Badger1993r Badger19949 Badger2006z Bae2005t Bagchi19900u Bai1972v Bailey19739w Bailey19767 ` Bainbridge1999x Baines19787y Baker1970z Baker1973 Baker1985{ Baker1988 Bakke1997 Balaam19611 Balaam19631 NBalaguer1992 Balamm1961H Balandreau19716| Balandreau1974 X Balandreau19788i Baldinger1994}Balezina19657~Balezina19677Balezina19747Balezina19757 Ball19838R Ball19901 Ball19955 Ballester1989n Balloni1965 { Bamberg1977Bamforth19848 Bamforth1995 Bamforth1997 Bamforth2002 Bamforth2004Banerjee19919+Banerjee2000 Banerji1935 Banfield1999 Banin1980 6 Banin1984 Bar-Or19875 Bar-Or19885 Bar-Or19895 Bar-Or19892 Bar-Or19908Baranowska-Bosiacka2001 Barber19775 Barbero1997 Barbey19765 Barbey19765Barbieri1978n Barbour1982 Barclay1985 Bardsley1968n Barger2005 Barger2006 Barker19999r Barker2005 Barkes2006 Barkman1953 N Barnes1992 g Barness1999 Barns1988 Barns2002 S Barnum19909$ Baron1988 Barreno1984 w Barreno1997 c Barreno1998 d Barreno1998 Barrow2006 Bartels1996h Barthlott1997Bartlett197614 Bartolome1992 Barzilay20020A Bashan1995  Bashkin2003 Bassam19929 Bassi1978 3 Bastow Wilson2004 Basu19919 Bates2000 Bates2004 Bationo1996 Batterton1971 Batterton1972  Bauer1963 Bauman19869 Baumgrtner1964 Bautista19734Bautista19852 Bautista2002 Baxter2001 Baxter2003 Bazilevich1956  Bazilevich1958 W Bazilevich1967  Bazova1981 Bazzichelli1985 Bazzichelli1986 Bazzichelli1989 Beadle19556 Beadle19551 Beaney19686 Bear19669 Bebout19878f Bebout19885h Bebout19895 Bebout19937 Bebout1995 Beck1969c { Becker1975 Becker1982h Becker1997e } Beckett1984 Beckett1984 Beckett1991 E Beckett2000 r Beckett2002 Becking1978 Becking1978 Becquerel1936 Becquerel1942 Bednarova1976 = Beer19911 t Beer1997N ; Beer1999N Beijernick18899 Beijernick18909 Beijernick18989 Beijernick19019 Belcher1958 t Bell1981 Bell19839 Bell19869 Bell1986 Bell1987d Bell1988d Bell1993d Bell1994d $ Bell2003 t Belland1997 Belles1972 Belnap1990 Belnap1990 Belnap1990 Belnap1990 Belnap1990 Belnap1991 Belnap1991 Belnap1992 Belnap1992 Belnap1993 Belnap1993 Belnap19943 Belnap19943 Belnap1994 Belnap1994 Belnap19953 Belnap1995v Belnap1995 Belnap1996v Belnap1996e Belnap19966 Belnap1996 Belnap1996 Belnap1996 Belnap1997v Belnap1997e Belnap19989 Belnap1998e  Belnap1998 Belnap1998 Belnap19991  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001 Belnap20010 Belnap2001 Belnap2001e Belnap2001 Belnap20022  Belnap2002  Belnap2002  Belnap2002  Belnap2002 Belnap2002 Belnap20020  Belnap2003 Belnap2003 Belnap20030 g Belnap2005 Belnap2005 Belnap20066 X Belsky1999 Belton19868; Beltz1981 Ben-Dor1997 Ben-Shaul1969 Ben-Shaul1970 Ben-Shaul1970~ Ben-Shaul1971 Bender19979 Benedict1990Benemann19749Benemann19796 6 Bennet1965 Benoit19677 Benoit1970777 Benoit19707 Benoit19707 Benoit1970701  Ball19955 Ballester1989n Balloni1965 Balloni1968{ Bamberg1977  BamforthBamforth19848 Bamforth1995 Bamforth1997 Bamforth2002 Bamforth2004Banerjee19919 Banerji1935 Banin19806 Banin1984 Bar-Or19875 Bar-Or19885 Bar-Or19895 Bar-Or19892 Bar-Or19908 Barber19775 Barbero1997 Barbey19765 Barbey19765Barbieri1978n  Barbour1982 Barclay1985 Bardsley1968n Barkman1953N  Barnes1992g Barness1999 Barns1988 Barns2002S Barnum19909 Barreno1984w Barreno1997c Barreno1998d Barreno1998h Barthlott1997Bartlett197614 Bartolome1992 Barzilay20020  Bashkin2003 Bassi19783  Bastow Wilson2004 Basu19919 Bates2000 Bationo1996 Batterton1971 Batterton1972  Bauer1963 Bauman19869 Baumgrtner1964 Bautista19734Bautista19852 Bautista2002̐ Bazilevich1956  Bazilevich1958 W Bazilevich1967  Bazova1981 Bazzichelli1985 Bazzichelli1986 Beadle19556 Beadle19551 Beaney19686 Bear19669 Bebout19878f Bebout19885h Bebout19895 Bebout19937 Bebout1995 Beck1969c{ Becker1975h Becker1997e} Beckett1984 Beckett1991E  Beckett2000r Beckett2002 Becking1978 Becking1978 Becquerel1936 Becquerel1942 Bednarova1976= Beer19911t Beer1997N; Beer1999N Beijernick18899 Beijernick18909 Beijernick18989 Beijernick19019 Belcher1958  Bell1981t  Bell1981̦ Bell19839 Bell19869 Bell1987d Bell1988d Bell1993d Bell1994d$ Bell2003t Belland1997 Belles1972 Belnap1990 Belnap1990 Belnap1992 Belnap1993 Belnap1993 Belnap19943 Belnap19943 Belnap19953 Belnap1995v Belnap1996v Belnap1996e Belnap19966 Belnap1997v Belnap1997e Belnap19989 Belnap1998e  Belnap1998 Belnap19991  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001  Belnap2001 Belnap20010 Belnap2001 Belnap2001e Belnap2001 Belnap20022  Belnap2002̖  Belnap2002̗  Belnap2002̨  Belnap2002̩ Belnap2002̪ Belnap20020  Belnap2003 Belnap2003 Belnap20030g  Belnap2005X  Belsky1999 Belton19868 Ben-Dor1997 Ben-Shaul1969 Ben-Shaul1970 Ben-Shaul1970~ Ben-Shaul1971 Bender19979 Benedict1990̺Benemann19749Benemann197966  Bennet1965 Benoit19677 Benoit19707 ~ d>$ Blyum, O.B. 1965Shvydkist' vytrachannya vodnoho zapasu v kushchystykh ta lystuvatykh lyshainykiv mezo-ta kserotychnykh mischevyrostan (Rates of water reserve consumption in fruticose and foliose lichens of meso-and xerotic habitats Ukr. Bot. Zh.22 26-34<6Bock, C. Jacob, A. Kirst, G.O. Leibfritz, D. Mayer, A. 1996 wMetabolic changes of the Antarctic green alga Prasiola crispa subjected to water stress investigated by in vivo 31P NMR..>hop r$Journal of Experimental Botany47241-249A<6desiccation tolerance polyphosphates BSC Cyanobacteriatmref from Raymond & Fritsen, 2000, "Ice-active substances associated with Antarctic freshwater..."; ref pulledf&Boeken, Bertrand Shachak, Moshe, 1994TMDesert plant communities in human-made patches -- implications for managementEcological Applications14\4w702-716s November 1994core species desert annuals desertification edge species geographic distribution landscape management Negev Desert patches productivity propagule size seed dispersal seed traps soil crust soil moisture species richness restoration BSCWe measured productivity and diversity of annual plant communities in human-made pits and mounds (20 @? 30 @? 100 cm) in the Northern Negev of Israel. We differentiated the species according to propagule size, dispersal mode, and geographical distribution in Israel. Our results in 28 experimental units containing a pit, a mound, and a portion of the undisturbed surrounding @'matrix@' showed that species richness, total plant density, and biomass yield were higher in the pits and mounds than in the matrix. Soil moisture at 0-15 cm depth was higher in the pits, but lower in the mounds relative to the matrix. Species with larger propagules (>5 mm) became more abundant, and those with tinyseeds (<1 mm) became less abundant, in the human-made patches relative to the undisturbed matrix. Wind-dispersed species and those with secondary dispersal by runoff were denser in pits and mounds, while short-distance rain dispersers were more abundant in the matrix. @'Edge@' species, occurring in the study site at the edge of their geographical distribution in Israel, increased more in density, species richness, and biomass than general @'core@' species, for which the study site is in the center of their distribution. The annual plant community responded to changes in three environmental factors: (1) microtopographic structure from flat surface to mounds or pits, which function as traps for seeds; (2) soil surface texture from densely packed to loose soil in pits and mounds, which provide suitable sites for larger propagules; (3) soil moisture availability, increasing in the pits but decreasing in the mounds relative to the matrix. The relevance of the study was discussed in relation to (1) combating desertification, (2) sustainable arid land use, and (3) species conservation. 0)for Jayne from Jessie's pile June 2005 tknjdhttp://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1051-0761%28199411%294%3A4%3C702%3ADPCIHP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5 Boeken and Bogorad, L.n 1975>8Phycobiliproteins and complementary chromatic adaptation Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol.n26369-401$dessication BSC Cyanobacterial ord 2/4/03TNBoissire, J.-C. Boissire, M.-C. Champion-Arnaud, P. Lallemant, R. Wagner, J. 1987*nThe biological cycle of Nostoc in the genera Peltigera and Collema cultured in vitro and in the lichen thallus -7;BLT Canadian Journal of Botany65 1468-1477$dessication BSC Cyanobacteriao^ref from Paulsrud 2001, The Nostoc symbiont of lichens...; text entirely in French; ref pulled" Bold, H.C. 1933h7The life history and cytology of Protosiphon botryoidest ! ,%Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Clubt60241-300cyanobacteria, crust Bold, H.C. 1942The cultivation of algaeBotanical Review8 69-138cyanobacteria, crustBold, H.C. Parker, B.C.i 1960B0 ~ $ Booth, W.E. 1941TMAlgae as pioneers in plant succession and their importance in erosion controlEcology221 38-46cyanobacteria, crust Booth, W.E. 1941>7Revegetation of abandoned fields in Kansas and Oklahoma. American Journal of Botany28415-423cyanobacteria, crust Booth, W.E. 1946>8The thermal death point of certain soil-inhabiting algae4-Proceedings of the Montana Academy of Science 5/6 21-23cyanobacteria, crust2+Boquet, E. Boronat, A. Ramos-Cormenzana, A.  1973NGProduction of calcite crystals by soil bacteria is a general phenomenon5 Nature 246527-528 Bornkamm, R. 1958HADie bunte - Erdflechten-Gesellschaft im sdwestlichen HarzvorlandtBer. Dtsch. Bot. Ges.\ LXXI7dHBBorowiec, S. Gladoch, M. Honczarenko, J. Kwarta, H. Zembrzuska, D. 1975Changes in the composition of an agrocenose as assessed twenty-two years after treatment with excessive amounts of Verindal F (streumittel). Ekol. Polska23 3-18cyanobacteria, crust(!Borowitzka, M.A. Borowitzka, L.J. 1988Microalgal biotechnology  Cambridge, UK Cambridge University PressLEBorselli, L. Biancalani, R. Giordani, C. Carnicelli, S. Ferrari, G.A.M 1996JDEffect of gypsum on seedling emergence in a kaolinitic crusting soilSoil Technologys9  1-2n 71-81<5Soil crusts, penetrometer, seedling emergence, gypsum8 Bortels, H. 1940LFber die bedeutung des molybdams fr stickstoffbindendende NostocaceenArchives Mikrobiologie11155-186cyanobacteria, crust Borut, S. 1960XQAn ecological and physiological study of soil fungi of the northern Negev, Israel&Bull. Res. Counc. 1st. Sect. D.8 65-80 Bothe, H. 1982Nitrogen fixationc Carr, N.G. Whitton, B.A.Biology of Cyanobacteria Berkley, Californiar $University of California Press& Botanical Monographs: Volume 19 87-105&cyanobacteria, nutrients, crusts.'Boudell, J.A. Link, S.O. Johansen, J.R.  2002RLEffect of soil microtopography on seed bank distribution in the shrub-steppe(!Western North American Naturalistl621 14-24jcryptogamic crusts, seed banks, shrub-steppe, Bromus tectorum, Artemisia tridentata, biological soil crust.SBouly de Lesdain, M. 19114.Lichens du Sud Algerie recueilis par M. Seurat("Bull. Soc. Hist. Natur. Afr. Nord.3 95-989$Boussiba, S. Wu, X. Zarka, A.v 2000 Alkaliphilic cyanobacteria  Seckbach, J.LFJourney to Diverse Microbial Worlds: Adaptation to Exotic Environments Dordrecht, The Netherlands Kluwer Academic Publishers211-224$dessication BSC Cyanobacteria ref pulled Bouza, P. Del Valle, H.F.o 1993yMicromorphological, physical, and chemical characteristics of soil crust types of the central Patagonia region, Argentina-,%Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitationc7u355-368ocyanobacteria, crustRLBowker, Matthew A. Stark, Lloyd R. McLetchie, D. Nicholas Mishler, Brent D. 2000Sex expression, skewed sex ratios, and microhabitat distribution in the dioecious desert moss Syntrichia caninervis (Pottiaceae)^ American Journal of Botany874517-526biological soil crust, bryophyte, cryptogamic crust, desert, haploid dioecy, ramet, sex expression, sex ratio, sporophyte, moss, bsc ref pulled4-Bowker, M. Reed, S.C. Belnap, J. Phillips, S.  2002jTemporal variation in community composition, pigmentation, and Fv /Fm of desert cyanobacterial soil crusts?@BACDBFMicrobial Ecologyi43 13-252 Bowler, P.A. Rundel, P.W. 1975("Reproductive strategies in lichens.(Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society70325-340rdesiccation, BSCLEref from Longton, Biology of Polar Bryophtyes and Lichens; ref pulledBowyer, L. Skerman, W. 1968RKProduction of axenic cultures of soil-borne and endophytic blue-green algae.&Journal of General Microbiology54299-303cyanobacteria, crust Box, E.O. 1981^WMacroclimate and Plant Forms: An Introduction to Productive Modeling in Phytogeography W. Junk, The Hague 258("Boyd, W.L. Staley, J.T. Boyd, J.W. 19662,Ecology of soil microorganisms in Antarctica Tedrow, J.C.F.0*Antarctic Soils and Soil Forming Processes Antarctic Research Ser. 8 125-1595 Boyd, W.L. 1967D>Ecology and physiology of soil microorganisms in polar regions@:Proceedings of the Symposium on Pacific-Antarctic Sciences JAR Scientific Reports No. 1 265-2757*$Boyd, W.L. Rothenberg, I. Boyd, J.W. 197082Soil microorganisms at Paradise Harbor, AntarcticaEcologyr516d 1040-1045a*#cyanobacteria, crust, soil food web  Boyer, C.S. 1927B;Synopsis of the North American Diatomaceae. Part I and II.D=Proceedings of the Acadamy of Natural Sciences, Philadelpphia Supplement 1-583cyanobacteria, crust$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'''''''''''''''''''''''(((((((((((((((()))))))))))))))))**********+++++++++++++++wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww,,,,,,, ERDCB&A&@&?6>=2<; Kidron, G. 1988hbDew variability. Lichen and cyanobacteria distribution along slopes at Sde Boqer - Northern Negev ("The Hebrew University of Jerusalem92Master of Sciencei in Hebrew, English summary  Kidron, G. 1990The impact of microbial crust upon the relationship between rainfall, runoff, and erosion rates at the longitudinal dunes, Nizzana, Israel Arid Ecosystems Center Kidron, G.J. 1992The impact of the microbial crust upon the relationship of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield at longitudinal dunes in an arid environment. Nizzana, Western Negev, Israel2,The First Israel Geomorphological Conference Beer Sheva, IsraelJanuary 8-9, 13-14 Kidron, G.J. Yair, A. 1992XQRunoff and sediment yield over longitudinal dune slopes at Nizzana, Western Negev $Arid Ecosystem Research Centre56 1990-1991Annual Progress ReportKidron, G.J. Yair, A. 1992The possible sedimentological significance of runoff and erosion processes over longitudinal dune slopes of an arid environment, Nizzana, Western Negev, Israelr.(Israel Geological Society Annual Meeting Ashquelon, Israel 81-82March 30-April 1Kidron, G.J. Yair, A. 1993leScale effect on runoff and erosional processes in a sandy area, Nizzana, Western Negev Desert, IsraeljcSub. to J. de Ploey Memorial Symposium in Experimental Geomorphology and Landscape Ecosystem Change Leuven, Belgium March 22-26Kidron, G.J. Yair, A.e 1993Frequencies and magnitude of runoff and erosional processes at longitudinal dune slopes of an arid region, Nizzana, Western Negev Desert, Israel6/Third International Conference on Geomorphologyt Hamilton, Canada 170 August 199360Kidron, G.J. Yair, A. Abeliovich, A. Vonshak, A. 1994The rate of factors affecting the regeneration of a microphytic crust on the dune slopes of Nizzana, Western Negev Desert, Israel4-The Second Israel Geomorphological Conferencee University of Haifa May 1994.'Kidron, G.J. Vonshak, A. Abeliovich, a. 1995Five microbiotic crust types in the Nizzana dune field: factors affecting their variability and measurements of their regeneration time0)Israeli Geological Society Annual Meeting 62, 94 20-22 MarchPKidron, G.J. Yair, A. 1995ZSFactors affecting runoff over encrusted dune slopes, Nizzana, Western Negev, IsraelhaInternational Conference on Geomorphic Response of Mediterranean and Arid Areas to Climate Changem Israel May 13-22*$Kidron, G.J. Yair, A. Abeliovich, A. 1995Paleo-climatological implications concerning runoff over encrusted dune slopes in an arid region, Nizzana, Western Negev Desert, Israela\UThe Second International Symposium on the Geology of the Eastern Mediterranean Region Jerusalem, Israel10 August 1995| J. Range Management Journal of Applied Ecology Journal of Applied Phycology Journal of Arid EnvironmentsJournal of Bacteriology$Journal of Biological ChemistryJournal of BioscienceJournal of BiotechnologyJournal of BryologyJournal of Ecology$Journal of Experimental Botany$Journal of General Microbiology("Journal of Microbiological Methods$Journal of Molecular EvolutionJournal of Paleontology85Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: BiologyJournal of Phycology Journal of Plant Physiology Journal of Range Management,&Journal of Soil and Water ConservationJournal of Soil Science0+Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory(#Journal of Torrey Botanical Society Journal of Vegetation Science$Land Degradation & DevelopmentLandscape Ecology\YLichenological Contributions in Honour of G.B. Feige (Bibliotheca Lichenologica, Band 86) LichenologistLimnol. Oceanog.Limnol. Oceanogr. Limnology and Oceanography Madoqua Madroo$ Marine Ecology Progress Series$Marine Ecology Progress SerieshdMem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res, Spec. Issue (Proceedings of the Eighth Symposium on Polar Biology, 1985)Methods in EnzymologyMicrobial Ecology Microbiology0*Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews MicrobiosMolecular Ecology MycologiaMycological Research MycorrhizaNatural History NatureNaturwissenschaftenNew Phytologist Nova HedwigiaNova Hedwigia (Beihaft)0-Nova Hedwigia: Algae and extreme environments Oceologia OecologiaOikos41Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology PedobiologiaPhotochem. Photobiol.Photosynth. Res.Photosynthetica Phycologia("Phycological Research Phycol. Res. PhykosPhysiologia PlantarumPhysiologica Plantarum Physiological Plant Pathology PhytonPhytopathologyPlant and Soil Plant Biology Plant CellPlant Cell Physiology Plant Disease Plant Ecology Plant Growth and RegulationPlant Physiol.Plant PhysiologistPlant Physiology Plant Pysiol. Plant Science Plant Soil$Plant Systematics and EvolutionPlant, Cell & Environment Plant, Cell and Environment PlantaPNAS85PNAS (Proceedings of the National Academy of Science) Polar BiologyPolarforschungPolish Botanical Journal,'Polish Journal of Environmental StudiesPrecambrian ResearchProc. Natl. Acad. Sci.4/Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences4.Proceedings of the Twenty-third Annual SessionProgress in Botany Progress in Natural Science Protoplasma0,Recent Research Developments in MicrobiologyResearch in MicrobiologyRestoration Ecology ScienceSoil Biol. Biochem. Soil Biology & Biochemistry Soil Biology and BiochemistrySoil Sci. Soc. Am. J. Soil Science,'Soil Science Society of America Journal0+Soil Science Society of America Proceedings(%Soil Sciene Society of Ameria Journal0*South African Journal of Anarctic ResearchSoutheastern NaturalistSvensk Bot. Tidsk.Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift SymbiosisSystem. Appl. 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St. Clair, Larry L. 1986ZTCryptogamic soil crusts: recovery from grazing near Camp Floyd State Park, Utah, USAGreat Basin Naturalist464\632-640-<6biological soil crust, cyanobacteria, green algae, BSC.(Johansen, Jeffrey R. Rayburn, William R. 19896/Effects of rangefire on soil cryptogamic crusts VOBaumgartner, D.M. Breuer, D.W. Zamora, B.A. Neuenschwander, L.F. Wakimoto, R.H.rb[Prescribed Fire in the Intermountain Region: Forest Site Preparation and Range Improvementa Pullman, Washingtonn "Washington State University6107-109cyanobacteria, crust<5Johansen, Jeffrey R. Ashley, John Rayburn, William R.t 1993|Effects of rangefire on soil algal crusts in semiarid shrub-steppe of the lower Columbia Basin and their subsequent recoveryGreat Basin Naturalist531s 73-88 cyanobacteria, soil crustJohansen, Jeffrey R. 1993D>Cryptogamic crusts of semiarid and arid lands of North AmericaJournal of Phycology29140-147cyanobacteria, crust Minireview`ZJohansen, Jeffrey R. 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Young, M.D.*$Management of Australia's Rangelands NGCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australiai 25-404 Johnsen, Ardith B. 1978$Keys to the mosses of Arizonaz Flagstaff, Arizona Museum of Northern Arizona39-45 (incomplete)Research Paper 14put in Crust bibliov Johnson, A. 1962PIPrecursory studies on the epiterranean soil algae of Singapore and Malayaa Garden Bulletin, Singapore19379-384 Johnson, A. 19626/A short note on some soil algae from New Guinea Garden Bulletin, Singapore19375-377Johnson, Roy M.  19692,Growth of indigenous bacteria in desert soil0)Journal of the Arizona Academy of Science5240-242:3cyanobacteria, biological soil crust, soil food web Johnson, A. 19690)Blue-green algae of Malaysian rice fields.(Journal of the Singapore Nat. Acad. Sci.1 30-36all T. 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Field1975 Field2002< Fields19676 Fields19680 Fields19846 Fields19849 Filonow1981 Filonow1983 Filonow1983 Filonow1983 Filonow1987 Filtenborg1987 uFinegold1990 Fink1909 Finkel19869 Finlayson1987O Firestone1992  Firestone2003= Fish19919 Fisher19729 Fisher19914  Fisher19977j Fisher19999} Fitt1986 Fitt1989 Fitzgerald19508  Fitzgerald19671i Fitzner1988 Fitzpatrick1993 Fiyita19599 Flagey1896lFlaibani1989n  Flandrois2003  Flechtner1993 v Flechtner1994 w Flechtner1994 ~ Flechtner1994 Flechtner1998  Flechtner2002  Flechtner2002  Flechtner2002Q Flechtner2002Fletcher1948pFletcher1960pFletcher19658 Fletcher1970pVFletcher1970Fletcher19934Fletcher19944 Fletcher2004! Flint1946" Flint1947# Flint1958$ Flint1958% Flint1960& Flowers1973w Floyd1979 Floyd1989C Floyd1991 Floyd1992 Floyd1992' Floyd1993( Flueckiger1976e Focke1978) Fogel1976+ Fogg19427, Fogg19477- Fogg19497. Fogg19517/ Fogg195170 Fogg19527= Fogg1956o1 Fogg19567 Fogg19575 Fogg195899575 Fogg195899575 Fogg19589gg19575 Fogg195899575 Fogg19589 Fogg19589 Fogg1958975 Fogg19589echtner1998 FlechtnerIn pressFletcher1948pFletcher1960p Fletcher1970p! Flint1946" Flint1947# Flint1958$ Flint1958% Flint1960& Flowers1973w Floyd1979C Floyd1991' Floyd1993( Flueckiger1976e Focke1978) Fogel1976*Foggr+ Fogg19427, Fogg19477- Fogg19497. Fogg19517/ Fogg195170 Fogg19527= Fogg1956o1 Fogg19567 Fogg19589 Fogg19589XWVTS DR@QPONML|  ' Bubrick, Paul 1988,&Effects of symbiosis on the photobiont  Galun, M.Handbook of Lichenology Boca Raton, FL  CRC Press}II133-144lichen, desiccation, bsc ref pulled Buck, S.G. 1980Stromatolite and ooid deposits within the fluvial and lacustrine sediments of the Precambrian Ventersdorp Supergroup of South AfricaPrecambrian Research12311-330mfossils, early life"Buckley, D.H. Schmidt, T.M.o 2002B7Burkholder, P.R. Evans, A.W. McVeigh, I. Thornton, H.K. 1944$Antibiotic activity of lichensProc. 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In: Desert Dust: Origin, Characteristics and Effects on Man    Washington, DC $Geological Society of America3 1-10GSA Special Paper 186N  m9^4g1<1-w7 p9~~V}h  T:)w[wAp62ttppp/VTO\^hhhh8$ W ,  )- w) $$$$$$!hAB!!7HF2)K)Wz (*-+ LLIK5<NNzggional Journal of Remote Sensingd1862 1207-1220cyanobacteria, crustHAKarnieli, Arnon Kidron, Giora J. Glaesser, Cornelia Ben-Dor, Eyalr 1997Spectral characteristics of cyanobacterial soil crust in the visible, near infrared and short wave infrared (400-2,500 nm) in semiarid environmentsnXQTwelfth International Conference and Workshops on Applied Geologic Remote Sensingo Denver, ColoradoII417-424lNovember 17-19, 1997cyanobacteria, crustX<FJ$l@l~}|{ Cameron, Roy Eugene 19620*Soil studies--microflora of desert regions 60Jet Propulsion Laboratory Space Programs Summary 12-21No. 37-15, Vol. IVCameron, Roy Eugene 1963LEAlgae of southern Arizona. Part I. Introduction - blue-green algaeRevue Algologique4282-318.'cyanobacteria, distribution, soil crustcCameron, Roy Eugene 19634-Morphology of representative blue-green algae(!Ann. New York Academy of Sciences 108412-420cyanobacteria, crustCameron, Roy Eugene 1964,%Terrestrial algae of southern Arizona82Transactions of the American Microscopical Society83212-218.'distribution, cyanobacteria, soil crustcCameron, Roy Eugene 1964XQAlgae of southern Arizona. Part II. Algal flora (exclusive of blue-green algae)Revue Algologique7151-177cyanobacteria, crust<6Cameron, Roy Eugene Morelli, Frank A. Blank, Gerald B. 1965B;Soil algae occurring in the Valley of 10,000 Smokes, Alaska82Transactions of the American Microscopical Society841 151cyanobacteria, crust 4-Cameron, Roy Eugene Morelli, F.A. Blank, G.B. 1965XRSoil studies--microflora of desert regions. IV. Soil extract as a culture medium 60Jet Propulsion Laboratory Space Programs Summary202-208mNo. 37-32, Vol. IV 4-Cameron, Roy Eugene Morelli, F.A. Blank, G.B. 1965|uSoil studies--desert microflora. VI. Abundance of microflora in an area of soil at White Mountain Range, California 60Jet Propulsion Laboratory Space Programs Summary212-214No. 37-32, Vol. IVCameron, R.E Blank, G.B. 1965haSoil studies- microflora of desert regions. VIII. distribution and abundance of desert microfloranJPL Space ProgramsIVSummary No. 37-34-193-202ncyanobacteria, crust @9Cameron, Roy Eugene Blank, G.B. Gensel, D.R. Davies, R.W.o 1965B